The EU Intellectual Property Office takes the view in a study that training generative AI with copyright-protected data can only be conceived in the context of licensing, with the corollary that right-holders have the right to refuse such licenses. Yet the institution stresses that the reservation of rights mechanism instituted by the 2019 directive is not at this stage a sufficiently effective solution for saying « no ». The Alicante-based European Intellectual Property Office has been working on the relationship between AI and copyright for several years now. Back in 2022, the Office published a study on the impact of artificial intelligence on the infringement and enforcement of copyright and design rights. At the end of last week, the institution continued this effort, with a new report taking into account all recent developments…